.research-article-page { background: var(--zone-bg); }

.paper-hero { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--zone-line); }
.paper-hero__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 7fr) minmax(390px, 5fr); min-height: 560px; }
.paper-hero__title { align-self: center; padding: 90px 74px 90px 0; }
.paper-hero h1 { max-width: 820px; margin: 28px 0 22px; font-size: clamp(48px, 4vw, 60px); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.16; letter-spacing: -.025em; }
.paper-hero__title > p:last-child { margin: 0; color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 19px; }
.paper-abstract { align-self: stretch; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; padding: 74px 0 74px 64px; border-left: 1px solid var(--zone-line); background: var(--zone-surface); }
.paper-abstract__label { margin: 0 0 24px; color: var(--zone-orange); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; }
.paper-abstract > p:nth-child(2) { max-width: 34em; margin: 0 0 38px; color: var(--zone-body); font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.9; }
.paper-abstract dl { margin: 0; }
.paper-abstract dl div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr; gap: 20px; padding: 13px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-line); font-size: 12px; }
.paper-abstract dt { color: var(--zone-muted); }
.paper-abstract dd { margin: 0; color: var(--zone-text); font-weight: 500; }

.paper-meta { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--zone-line); background: var(--zone-surface); }
.paper-meta .zone-shell { display: flex; gap: 38px; padding-block: 15px; color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 12px; }
.paper-meta .zone-shell span:first-child { margin-right: auto; color: var(--zone-text); font-weight: 500; }

.paper-hero-figure { margin: 0; padding: 26px 0 30px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--zone-line); background: var(--zone-bg); }
.paper-hero-figure img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; border: 1px solid var(--zone-line); background: var(--zone-bg); }
.paper-hero-figure figcaption { margin-top: 10px; color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.6; }

.paper-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 210px minmax(0, 820px); justify-content: center; gap: 90px; padding-block: 100px 130px; }
.paper-rail { position: sticky; top: 112px; align-self: start; }
.paper-rail > p { margin: 0 0 24px; color: var(--zone-orange); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .12em; }
.paper-rail nav { display: grid; }
.paper-rail nav a { padding: 9px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--zone-line); color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; }
.paper-rail nav a:hover, .paper-rail nav a:focus-visible { color: var(--zone-orange); }

.paper-body { min-width: 0; color: var(--zone-body); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.95; }
.paper-body section { scroll-margin-top: 108px; }
.paper-body section + section { margin-top: 96px; padding-top: 28px; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-line); }
.paper-body h2 { margin: 0 0 34px; color: var(--zone-text); font-size: clamp(30px, 2.5vw, 38px); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.34; letter-spacing: -.012em; }
.paper-body h3 { color: var(--zone-text); }
.paper-body p { margin: 0 0 25px; }
.paper-section-number { margin: 0 0 16px !important; color: var(--zone-orange); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .11em; }

/* Long-form research essays: fewer visual breaks, longer arguments. */
.essay-flow .paper-body { font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; }
.essay-flow .paper-body section + section { margin-top: 78px; padding-top: 0; border-top: 0; }
.essay-flow .paper-body .paper-opening { padding-bottom: 54px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--zone-line); }
.essay-flow .paper-body h2 { max-width: 19em; margin-bottom: 30px; font-size: clamp(31px, 2.35vw, 37px); line-height: 1.38; }
.essay-flow .paper-body p { margin-bottom: 27px; }
.essay-flow .paper-references { padding-top: 52px !important; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-line) !important; }
.essay-flow .paper-references h2 { margin-bottom: 24px; }

.paper-summary { padding: 34px 38px 38px; border-top: 2px solid var(--zone-orange); background: var(--zone-surface); }
.paper-summary h2 { margin-bottom: 24px; font-size: 25px; }
.paper-summary ol { display: grid; gap: 19px; margin: 0; padding-left: 22px; }
.paper-summary li { padding-left: 8px; }
.paper-summary strong { color: var(--zone-text); font-weight: 600; }

.paper-caution { margin: 34px 0; padding: 22px 24px; border-left: 2px solid var(--zone-orange); background: var(--zone-warm); }
.paper-caution strong { display: block; margin-bottom: 8px; color: var(--zone-orange); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; }
.paper-caution p { margin: 0; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; }

.paper-method-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); margin: 34px 0; border-block: 1px solid var(--zone-line); }
.paper-method-grid > div { min-height: 260px; padding: 28px 26px 30px 0; }
.paper-method-grid > div + div { padding-left: 26px; border-left: 1px solid var(--zone-line); }
.paper-method-grid span { color: var(--zone-orange); font: 600 11px/1 var(--zone-font-latin); }
.paper-method-grid h3 { margin: 38px 0 12px; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 600; }
.paper-method-grid p { margin: 0; color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.75; }

.paper-figure { margin: 42px 0; }
.paper-figure img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; border: 1px solid var(--zone-line); background: var(--zone-bg); }
.paper-figure figcaption { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 32px; padding-top: 11px; color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.65; }
.paper-figure figcaption strong { flex: 0 0 auto; color: var(--zone-text); font-weight: 500; }

.paper-body blockquote { margin: 42px 0; padding: 24px 0 24px 34px; border-left: 1px solid var(--zone-orange); }
.paper-body blockquote p { margin: 0; color: var(--zone-text); font-size: 23px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.65; }

.paper-boundary-table { margin: 38px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-text); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.65; }

.paper-study-table { margin: 38px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-text); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.65; }
.paper-study-table > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.05fr 1.35fr 1.2fr; gap: 28px; padding: 20px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--zone-line); }
.paper-study-table__head { color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 10px; }
.paper-study-table strong { color: var(--zone-text); font-weight: 600; }
.paper-adjacent-case { margin: 42px 0 0; padding: 30px 34px 10px; border-top: 2px solid var(--zone-orange); background: var(--zone-surface); }
.paper-adjacent-case > p:first-child { margin-bottom: 13px; color: var(--zone-orange); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .1em; }
.paper-adjacent-case h3 { margin: 0 0 18px; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.45; }
.paper-adjacent-case > p:last-child { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.85; }
.paper-boundary-table > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 130px 1fr 1fr; gap: 26px; padding: 17px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--zone-line); }
.paper-boundary-table__head { color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 11px; }
.paper-boundary-table strong { color: var(--zone-text); font-weight: 600; }

.paper-test-list { margin: 36px 0; padding: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-line); list-style: none; }
.paper-test-list li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 54px 1fr; gap: 20px; padding: 25px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--zone-line); }
.paper-test-list > li > span { padding-top: 4px; color: var(--zone-orange); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; }
.paper-test-list h3 { margin: 0 0 7px; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 600; }
.paper-test-list p { margin: 0; color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75; }

#limitations ul { margin: 0 0 30px; padding-left: 22px; }
#limitations li { margin-bottom: 12px; padding-left: 6px; }
.paper-conclusion { padding: 42px 44px 22px !important; border-top: 2px solid var(--zone-orange) !important; background: var(--zone-surface); }
.paper-references { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.75; }
.paper-references h2 { font-size: 25px; }
.paper-references ol { margin: 0; padding-left: 20px; }
.paper-references li { margin-bottom: 12px; padding-left: 8px; color: var(--zone-muted); }
.paper-references a { color: var(--zone-text); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
/* Research rewrite v2: data-report components                         */
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

.paper-keyfindings { margin: 0 0 46px; padding: 0; list-style: none; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-line); }
.paper-keyfindings li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 74px 1fr; gap: 26px; padding: 24px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--zone-line); }
.paper-keyfindings li > span { padding-top: 3px; color: var(--zone-orange); font: 600 11px/1 var(--zone-font-latin); }
.paper-keyfindings h3 { margin: 0 0 8px; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 600; }
.paper-keyfindings p { margin: 0; color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; }
.paper-keyfindings p strong { color: var(--zone-body); font-weight: 600; }

.paper-footnote-ref { color: var(--zone-orange); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super; line-height: 0; padding-left: 2px; }
.paper-footnote-ref:hover, .paper-footnote-ref:focus-visible { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }

.paper-method { margin: 46px 0; padding: 34px 38px 30px; border-top: 2px solid var(--zone-orange); background: var(--zone-surface); }
.paper-method > p:first-child { margin-bottom: 20px; color: var(--zone-orange); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .1em; }
.paper-method h3 { margin: 30px 0 12px; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 600; }
.paper-method p { margin: 0 0 16px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.85; }
.paper-method p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.paper-method-grid--report { margin: 26px 0 8px; }
.paper-method-grid--report > div { min-height: 0; }

.paper-counter { margin: 46px 0; padding: 32px 38px 26px; border-left: 3px solid var(--zone-orange); background: var(--zone-warm); }
.paper-counter > p:first-child { margin-bottom: 16px; color: var(--zone-orange); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .1em; }
.paper-counter h3 { margin: 0 0 14px; font-size: 22px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.5; }
.paper-counter p { margin: 0 0 16px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.9; }
.paper-counter p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.paper-disclosure { display: flex; gap: 16px; margin: 0 0 30px; padding: 16px 20px; border: 1px dashed var(--zone-line); background: var(--zone-surface); color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.7; }
.paper-disclosure strong { flex: 0 0 auto; color: var(--zone-text); font-weight: 600; }

.paper-figure__source { margin-top: 13px; padding-top: 11px; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-line); color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.7; }
.paper-figure__source strong { color: var(--zone-text); font-weight: 500; }

.paper-figure svg { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; border: 1px solid var(--zone-line); background: var(--zone-bg); }

.paper-note-label { margin-bottom: 14px; color: var(--zone-orange); font: 600 11px/1 var(--zone-font-latin); }

.paper-next { padding: 82px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-line); background: var(--zone-surface); }
.paper-next .zone-shell { display: flex; align-items: flex-end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 60px; }
.paper-next .zone-kicker { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.paper-next h2 { margin: 0; font-size: 38px; font-weight: 600; }
.paper-next a { padding-bottom: 7px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--zone-orange); color: var(--zone-text); font-size: 15px; font-weight: 500; text-decoration: none; }
.paper-next a span { color: var(--zone-orange); }

@media (max-width: 1080px) {
  .paper-hero__grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 6fr) minmax(340px, 5fr); }
  .paper-hero__title { padding-right: 46px; }
  .paper-abstract { padding-left: 40px; }
  .paper-layout { grid-template-columns: 180px minmax(0, 760px); gap: 58px; }
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .paper-hero__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .paper-hero__title { padding: 74px 0 64px; }
  .paper-abstract { padding: 54px 0 58px; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-line); border-left: 0; background: transparent; }
  .paper-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-block: 80px 100px; }
  .paper-rail { display: none; }
  .paper-method-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .paper-method-grid > div { min-height: 0; padding: 25px 0; }
  .paper-method-grid > div + div { padding-left: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--zone-line); border-left: 0; }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .paper-hero h1 { margin-block: 20px 18px; font-size: 40px; line-height: 1.17; }
  .paper-hero__title > p:last-child { font-size: 17px; }
  .paper-abstract > p:nth-child(2) { font-size: 14px; }
  .paper-meta .zone-shell { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 5px 18px; }
  .paper-meta .zone-shell span:first-child { flex-basis: 100%; }
  .paper-hero-figure { padding-block: 18px 22px; }
  .paper-layout { padding-block: 62px 80px; }
  .paper-body { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.9; }
  .paper-body section + section { margin-top: 74px; }
  .essay-flow .paper-body { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.95; }
  .essay-flow .paper-body section + section { margin-top: 64px; }
  .essay-flow .paper-body .paper-opening { padding-bottom: 42px; }
  .paper-body h2 { font-size: 30px; }
  .paper-summary { margin-inline: -18px; padding: 30px 18px 34px; }
  .paper-body blockquote { padding-left: 22px; }
  .paper-body blockquote p { font-size: 20px; }
  .paper-figure { margin-block: 34px; }
  .paper-figure figcaption { display: grid; gap: 4px; }
  .paper-boundary-table__head { display: none !important; }
  .paper-study-table__head { display: none !important; }
  .paper-study-table > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 7px; padding: 24px 0; }
  .paper-study-table > div span::before { display: block; margin-bottom: 3px; color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 10px; }
  .paper-study-table > div span:nth-child(2)::before { content: "观察与结果"; }
  .paper-study-table > div span:nth-child(3)::before { content: "解释与证据"; }
  .paper-adjacent-case { margin-inline: -18px; padding: 28px 18px 8px; }
  .paper-boundary-table > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 7px; padding: 22px 0; }
  .paper-boundary-table > div span::before { display: block; margin-bottom: 3px; color: var(--zone-muted); font-size: 10px; }
  .paper-boundary-table > div span:nth-child(2)::before { content: "生成工具可以先做"; }
  .paper-boundary-table > div span:nth-child(3)::before { content: "专业人员必须确认"; }
  .paper-conclusion { margin-inline: -18px; padding: 34px 18px 12px !important; }
  .paper-next { padding: 66px 0; }
  .paper-next .zone-shell { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 32px; }
  .paper-next h2 { font-size: 34px; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { *, *::before, *::after { scroll-behavior: auto !important; transition: none !important; } }